Intellectual Property & Science analysts defined 10 general innovations for the nearest 10 years.

Laura Gase and John Roderick, Intellectual Property & Science experts for special analytical unit Thomson Reuters, have recently published their report The World in 2025: 10 Predictions of Innovation.
This study provides forecast for the ten most advanced up-to-date innovations that are likely to play an important role in the life of all mankind until 2015. The remarkable fact is that the analytical report, named above, has been prepared by Intellectual Property & Science experts basing on the collection and analysis of information detected and received by them from various sources of patent and scientific literature. Thus, they looked through a huge amount of most recent information on the various modern technologies that have been published around the world since 2012. Besides, the experts studied thoroughly Rating citation Thomson Reuters Web of Science and the content of the patent database Derwent World Patents IndexВ®, Р°nd also paid attention to such sources as Web of ScienceВ® Рё InCitesВ®. It turned out to be that taking into consideration their analysis and rating of the patent citation studies, the current list of ten advanced technologies includes: 1). The use of solar energy; 2). Quantum teleportation; 3) Full life “digitalization” and the synchronization of interaction; 4). The first type of diabetes breakthrough; 5) The human genome and Nanotechnologies with big data processing; 7). Treatment for cancer and other diseases; 8) Packaging based on cellulose; 9). Electric aircraft and automobiles; 10). Solving the problem of food and food shortages. This technologies description has been given by Thomson Innovation resourse. Then let’s look at the following question more closely: What technological changes await us in the near future in 10 years?

The use of solar energy
With the advanced achievements of photovoltaic electroplating and photosynthesis, the chemical binding of various substances will create new photocatalysts and three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale heterostructures based on cobalt oxide and titanium oxide, which will make use of the mass of the sun as the main source of energy. In this case, the solar energy will be absorbed by such elements and accumulated by them in the near future much more effectively than it was before. It is supposed that new photovoltaic devices that convert solar energy into electricity, will be established on the basis of dye-sensitized and thin-film materials, the efficiency of which is much higher than they are today, reaching about 70% (today the efficiency level is about 20%). Gathered together in the heterostructure, they serve primarily to heat various buildings at the expense of heating the water in the household, and in large-sized office and industrial buildings. In addition to this, such photocatalysts are designed to provide a large number of houses and electricity production, and in sufficient quantity as the sole source. For example, it is expected that the solar panels will generate nearly half of all electricity in the United States by 2025.
Quantum teleportation
It is expected that by 2025 the so-called quantum teleportation will be widely spread not only in the scientific field, but on practice as well. At present moment the term “quantum teleportation” means quantum state transfer at a distance by means of separation in space linked pair and classical communication channel. Therewith during the measurement the quantum information is destroyed at the point of origin, and this information is recreated at the reception point. In other words, quantum teleportation represents information transmission about the quantum state of an elementary particle (or system of particles) at a cirtain distance in space. РљСЂРѕРјРµ того, следует понимать, что РІ данном случае речь идет никак РЅРµ Рѕ телепортации материи или энергии, Р° лишь РѕР± информации. And for that very reason quantum teleportation is an important stage in the creation of quantum computers and networks, in which binary bits instead of the classic pieces of information, their quantum counterparts, will be used, they are the so-called qubits (quantum bit or q-bits) – a quantum bit, or the smallest element for storing information. It has been proved that computing devices and systems, which will operate on the basis of the laws of quantum mechanics, will have higher speed, high productivity, reliability and safety for operation performance. One of the “pushes’” in this direction was the discovery in the field of high energy physics associated with the recent (2013) existence confirmation of the Higgs boson, discovered by the researchers at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. There is an another example, when in spring, 2014, scientists from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom have demonstrated quantum teleportation experiment between the two qubits, which were separated from each other by a distance of three meters. In the course of this experiment they managed to pass quantum information about the quantum state of the electron at a distance, which was characterized by a certain spin state of the particle. Experimenters used a diamond cooled to ultralow temperatures, when the highly ordered organization of this crystal let researchers study the spin state of single electrons and achieve high reliability of information transmission. It turns out to be that in the near future quantum computer will become as commonplace and easy to use, as well as the already existing personal one.
Full life “digitalization” and the synchronization of interaction
Experts believe that in ten years in the whole world, everything that you can imagine and present, from personal items up to huge continents, i.e. all that surrounds us in everyday life, it will all be synchronously connected throughout “digital building blocks” in a single information system that will let us communicate with each other fast and exchange with information through modern digital communications. This global life “digitalization” will become possible due to the improvements in semiconductor technology, the introduction of graphene supercapacitors, nanotubes and nanocomposites, non-discrete networks and the spread of communication technologies throughout the generation five 5G.
The first type of diabetes breakthrough
Genetic engineering achievements (прежде всего DNA – and RNA- engineering) let people overcome the first type of diabetes, the destruction of pancreatic cells which produce insulin happens, a substance serving for lowering blood glucose. As a poorly functioning pancreas such patients can not satisfy the body’s need for insulin, most of the glucose is not supplied to the cell and is circulated in the blood. Therefore, patients suffering from the first type of diabetes have to receive insulin injections daily. Besides, in the world there are still people suffering from Type two diabetes (achrestic diabetes), when the reduced sensitivity of human tissues to insulin (insulin resistance). Thus, there is some statistics, concerning the fact that in 2013 the number of dybetic-ill people rose above 380 million people, and by the year of 2035 the experts predict this number to rise to about 590 million people, which is 55% more. Although diabetes of the second type on the planet is much larger than the first, however, this potential victory over type 1 in the next ten years should be regarded as a significant step forward in the overall victory over the disease in the foreseeable future.
The human genome and Nanotechnologies with big data processing
In the study it is noted that immediately upon the birth of man, his/her individual genomic map with details of the personal DNA is created, on the basis of which it will be possible to predict possible diseases in future and, if possible, prevent them, knowing in advance the negative development.
Besides, in the course of one’s life, a person of any age will be able to checked annually (i.e., sequencing, – reading of information from DNA) their genome to identify any changes that have occurred in it with due time, and which may be indicative of the occurrence of, for example, autoimmune diseases. Currently, the cost of sequencing genes is about $ 1,000. It is expected that after several decades the full gene sequencing procedure will cost less than $ 100, which is cheaper than the standard blood test in the developed world. This expected price decline will cause a transition from general medicine to the personal one, as a detailed sequencing of the human genome will make it possible to advance to the individual patient’s treatment and adjust accurately the strategy of such treatment. Therefore, improving the methods for determining the human genome remains one of the most important scientific areas of research over the nearest time. This will contribute to advances in nanotechnology and information technology, which will be closely associated with the processing of Big Data. Thus, in the case of living organisms study, these modern technologies will be applied to the precise diagnosis of the health state at the cellular level. In addition to this, medical screening and prevention processes will be converted. For example, standard blood tests are likely to stay in past, being substituted special nanoprobes, implanted into the human body, which will be capable of gathering blood composition information for extended periods of time and provide higher accuracy, validity and reliability of the transmission to their machining centers.
Treatment for cancer and other diseases
A large number of practically realized innovations are expected in other areas of healthcare. Thus, it is supposed that significant progress will be made in cancer treatment. Through the development of scientists, doctors will learn cancer cells pointwise influence, implanting into the body nanomaterials, so that cancer patients will not have to use chemotherapy or radiation exposure with their adverse, unbearable side effects. Researchers will make it that negative effects of cancer treatment will be reduced. Gene Research is also of great importance, when the identification of specific gene mutations will be much easier and more affordable to do, so that to warn the patient about an inappropriate method of treatment, especially for specific mutations of cancer cells. At the moment there are some positive examples of such researches, which include HER2 (breast cancer), BRAF V600 (melanoma), ROS1 (lung cancer) and many other cancer types. Experts also suggest that by the year of 2025 will have learnt to prevent senile dementia development and Alzheimer’s disease much more effectively. These changes are also likely to occur due to the human genome comprehension and genetic mutations.
Packaging based on cellulose
Experts also predict complete modern packaging rejection, which in most cases is made of petroleum products by 2025. In this way, instead of the “old package” vegetable raw materials will be used, which will be the basis for the production of new bio-nanocomposite materials (nanocellulose).
In such a manner, new package will be 100% decomposable. Nanocellulose, which is in fact pseudoplastic, will substitute the present-existing materials, made of petroleum. And organic nanocomposites can be made from biomatter (biomass or any other plant material). That’s why the upcoming achievements in the sphere of nanocellulose (pseudoplastic) using and bio-nanocomposite will provide mankind with fully recyclable package materials, which means the envioronmen problem solution. Therefore, plastic bags will disappear from our everyday life forever, and ecology will be “clean” from this type of package.
Electric aircraft and automobiles
If to speak about the transport problem, by 2025 there still be cars on roads, and planes in the sky. But still both cars and planes will become much smarter but at the same time easier at driving/aviating, and from the point of view of weight – lighter. Besides, they’ll be powered by batteries and perform movement (flights) for longer distances due to the accumulated electricity. These significant changes will occur due to the fact that ыщьу breakthroughs will be made in the areas of new lithium-ion batteries and thin-film, hydrogen fuel cells, as well as through the use of nanomaterials and the use of superconductors. As a result, all mankind may waive the processing of petroleum into gasoline or diesel.
It is expected that small capacity commercial planes will be widely used for making short-distance flights, competing with the road transport. That’s why in future young people will firstly eager to get not a driver’s license, but the license to pilot a small airplane.
Solving the problem of food and food shortages
Experts suggest that by 2025 the problem of poor harvests in the agricultural sector will be completely solved, and it will not be subjected to regular fluctuations in food prices in different regions of the world. In future agriculture will not depend on whether the country possess fertile soils, or there are favorable climatic conditions. Lighting technology achievements and visualization techniques in conjunction with the genetic modification of plants will create a unique environment for growing crops, even in indoors.
It is supposed that 3D-screens and improved LCD technologies and plasma displays can become a prototype artificial “sun”, which will be able to affect the performance of the current increase in harvest volumes. Besides, developed LED will emit a special wave, which will affect the buds of plants and animals. Or genetic engineering will help to modify the DNA of the food for the better in the way that not only accelerate the plant growth, but also make them less susceptible to diseases. That’s why the experts suggest, that 8 billion people will be provided with the enough amount of food by 2025.
Thereby, the listed above 10 modern technologies, even at present time are of the greatest interest among researchers and scientists around the world, as well as the public sector and the business community who invest their own money in these technological developments, and then successfully create the first industrial samples .
The conclusion is evident: from the point of view of Intellectual Property & Science experts exactly these 10 trends will lead to significant technological breakthrough in the near future. And the next ten years in chronology of mankind – just a brief moment … I wish that Belarus has not stayed aside of the above-described technological progress and has made its own contribution to the benefit of all mankind, for which its scientists, researchers and businesses should participate more actively in international research programs such as Horizon 2020 under the auspices of the EU.
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